Contract review

Before You Sign Anything

Energy leases are 25–40 year commitments. The seven items below are the ones most often missed or weakly written. Walk through every one with your attorney.

  1. 1
    Independent attorney review

    Hire a Michigan attorney experienced in energy leases — not the developer's attorney. The cost (usually a few thousand dollars) is small relative to the value of a 30-year contract.

  2. 2
    Annual escalators

    Confirm that lease payments increase each year. 1.5%–2.5% annually is common; without an escalator, your real income falls every year of the contract.

  3. 3
    Drain tile protection

    Require the developer to map existing tile, repair damage at their expense, and maintain functional drainage for the life of the project. Get it in writing with specific timelines.

  4. 4
    Crop and soil compaction damage

    Per-acre payment formulas for crops damaged or unfarmable during construction, and soil decompaction commitments after construction.

  5. 5
    Property tax clarity

    Spell out who pays incremental property taxes resulting from the improvement, and confirm the project does not jeopardize agricultural assessment on un-leased portions.

  6. 6
    Decommissioning bond

    A financial assurance instrument — bond, letter of credit, or escrow — sized to fully cover removal of equipment and restoration of the land at the end of the project's life.

  7. 7
    Assignment & change-of-control clauses

    Limit the developer's ability to assign the lease to weaker parties, and require notice and continued performance of all obligations by any successor.

This list is a starting point, not a substitute for qualified legal counsel. Contracts vary, and so do the right answers for any individual farm.